理性的呼唤——从《查理和巧克力工厂》看童话的教化功能

An Appeal for Rationality—— From Charlie and the Chocolate Factory to Inspect the Edification Function of Fairy Tales

儿童文学以其丰富的想象和鲜活的人物深受广大小读者的青睐,在给小读者们带来无限阅读乐趣的同时向他们传达着人类共通的道德智慧,对培养儿童树立正确的伦理道德观念具有重要的意义。罗尔德·达尔的童话小说《查理和巧克力工厂》对年幼读者而言是一部优秀的伦理教材,通过塑造五类不同的人物形象揭示了儿童文学对儿童读者发挥教化功能的内在机制,有利于儿童理性的成熟。如果说奥古斯塔斯等任性、偏执的形象为儿童提供了审视自身的反面教材,查理这个理性、美好的形象为他们提供了可供模仿的道德范例,那么奥帕·伦帕人则用他们的歌声为儿童读者归纳总结了有益的道德经验。

Children＇s literature is very popular among widespread young readers for its rich imagination and vivid characters. It brings boundless reading pleasure to readers,meanwhile inheriting human common moral wisdom,which is significant to the cultivation of children＇s correct concept of ethics and morality. As to young readers,Roald Dahl＇s fairy tale Charlie and the Chocolate Factory is a good ethical textbook. It reveals the internal mechanism of children＇s literature giving full play of edification function to children by portraying five different types of characters,which is beneficial to children＇s rational maturation. If the capricious or bigoted images like Augustus offer opposite teaching material for children to examine themselves,the rational and bright image Charlie provides an available moral example for children to imitate. At the same time,the Oompa-Loompas use their songs to sum up useful moral experience for children.