中空纤维增强废橡胶基吸声复合材料的结构与性能

Structure and Properties of Hollow Fiber as Reinforcement in Acoustics Absorption Wasted Rubber Composites

利用纺织工业废胶粉(TWRP)、相同孔隙率的七孔涤纶中空纤维(SHPF)及单孔尼龙中空纤维(SHNF)分别制备了一系列的SHPF/TWRP和SHNF/TWRP吸声复合材料。通过动态力学热分析、扫描电镜、声学性能测试及电子织物强力拉伸试验对复合材料的微观结构和性能进行了表征。结果表明,对于同种纤维而言,随纤维含量的增加,其吸声性能、力学性能均有明显的改善,而其阻尼性能发生了下降。这是由于中空纤维的加入,纤维将中空结构引入到复合材料中,有利于吸声性能的改善,纤维作为增强体,有利于复合材料力学性能的改善,纤维的存在,破坏了基体材料的连续性导致阻尼性能下降,这些影响随纤维含量的增多而加剧。相同纤维含量时,细直径的纤维复合材料SHNF/TWRP的吸声性能、力学性能比粗直径的纤维复合材料SHPF/TWRP获得了更大的改善,而阻尼性能则要低得多。

By the use of textile wasted rubber powder（ TWRP）,seven-hole hollow polyester fibers（ SHPF） and single-hole hollow nylon fiber（ SHNF） with the same porosity,a series of SHPF / TWRP and SHNF / TWRP sound absorption composites were prepared. The properties and microstructure of the composites were measured and analyzed by DMA,SEM,SW230 absorption instrument and YG065 electronic fabric tensile tester. The results illustrate that the sound absorption performance and mechanical property of composite are improved,whereas its damping performance declines with adding fiber content for the same fiber. The hollow structure will be introduced to composites by adding hollow fibers,which is beneficial to the improvement of the sound absorption performance. Hollow fibers as reinforcement of composites are helpful for improvement mechanical properties of fiber reinforced composites. The existence of the fiber,however,will destroy the continuity of the matrix which leads to lower damping performance. These effects will be intensified along with the increase of fiber content. Sound absorption performance and mechanical properties of SHNF / TWRP with fine nylon fiber are better than those of SHPF / TWRP with coarse polyester fiber,whereas damping performance of SHNF /TWRP is lower than of SHPF / TWRP for fiber composites with the identical fiber content.