西瓜长季节栽培育苗技术及其应用

Seedling Technique and Its Application for Watermelon Long Season Cultivation

选用适合长季节栽培的砧木品种和接穗小果型西瓜品种;适时培育砧木苗与接穗苗,当砧木苗第1片真叶出现到刚展开,接穗苗子叶有1/3以上转绿到子叶平展时采用断根嫁接法进行嫁接,然后扦插于装满基质的漂浮育苗盘中;将嫁接苗漂浮在装有清水的苗床中进行愈合与生根期的管理;嫁接苗成活后将营养液注入苗床中,使嫁接苗漂浮在营养液中进行成活后的管理。该育苗技术培育的西瓜苗生长健壮、整齐一致,根系发达、生活力强,不易早衰,适合进行长季节栽培。推广应用后产生了显著的经济效益和良好的社会效益,达到了高产、优质、高效、长季节均衡供应的效果。

Root stock varieties and scion small fruit type watermelon varieties which are suitable for long season cultivation were selected, and the seedlings of root stock and scion were raised timely. When the first true leaves of root stock seedlings were just to appear, and over a third of the cotyledons＇ areas of scion seedlings turned green until the cotyledons flattened, grafting was carried out with rootcut-grafting method, and then the grafted seedlings were placed in floating seedling trays full of culture medium with cuttage technique. The seedling trays with grafted seedlings floated in a seedbed of water for healing and rooting stage management. Nutrient solution was injected into seedbed after grafted seedlings survived, and the seedling trays with grafted seedlings floated in the nutrient solution for the management after survival. The watermelon seedlings raised with this method were robust, of uniform growth, developed root system and strong life force, not easy to premature aging, and thus suitable for long season cultivation. The popularization and application of this technique produced remarkable economic benefits and good social benefits, and the effects of high yield, good quality, high efficiency, and long season balanced supply were achieved.