不同药剂对农田生境红火蚁的防治效果评价

Evaluation of Different Pesticides for Control of Solenopsis invicta in Farmland Habitat

红火蚁(Solenopsis invicta)是世界上最重要100种入侵生物之一,也是中国检疫对象。为了控制红火蚁在农田生境的蔓延。采用工蚁诱测法和挖巢观察法评价了13种药剂对红火蚁的田间防治效果。高效氯氰菊酯乳油、吡虫啉乳油、溴氰菊酯乳油、毒死蜱乳油、顺式氯氰菊酯乳油、阿维菌素乳油灌巢施药7 d后蚁巢减退率及虫口减退率均达到100%。供试的氟蚁腙粉剂、氟虫腈粉剂、噻嗪酮可湿性粉剂及吡虫啉可湿性粉剂对红火蚁的效果较差。0.02%多杀霉素饵剂对红火蚁防治效果较好,施药7和15 d后蚁巢减退率及虫口减退率均达到100%。0.02%多杀霉素饵剂不同防治策略施药30 d后,各处理的防治效果均在91%以上。0.02%多杀霉素饵剂撒施2次,即第1次施药10 d后再在活动蚁巢周围进行第2次点施,防治红火蚁效果良好,推荐使用该方法进行红火蚁防治。在水源方便的农田区域可选择成本较低且安全的高效氯氰菊酯等药剂进行灌巢防治。

Solenopsis invicta is one of 100 important alien-invasive species. It is also a quarantine insect pest in China. To prevent the spread of S. invicta in farmland habitat, the control effects of 13 pesticides on S. invicta were determined using the methods of trapping worker and surveying mound. The result showed that the reduction of S. invicta and its nest was up to 100% after Cypermethrin EC, Imidacloprid EC, Deltamethrin EC, Chlorpyrifos EC and Avermectin EC drenching for 7 days. The Hydramethylnon DP, Fipronil DP, Buprofezin WP and Imidacloprid WP had lower control effect on S. invicta 0.02 %spinosad bait had higher control effect on S. invicta The decrease rate of S. invicta was up to 100% after treatment for 7 days and 15 day. In addition, the control effect was more than 91% after different application treatments for 30 days. Based on these results, 0.02% Spinosad bait had better control effect on S. invicta. After first application（10 days）, the bait should be applied in ant nest again. The Cypermethrin EC and other low-cost and safe pesticides should be applied in farmland with convenient water resource.