植物气孔发育分子机制研究进展

Research Progress of Molecular Mechanism on Stomatal Development in Plants

气孔作为植物生长发育所必需的重要因素,是植物与外界环境进行气体和水分交换的通道,在调节植物光合作用、蒸腾作用以及水分利用中具有非常重要的作用。气孔的形成与发育受到转录因子的调控,包括b HLH类转录因子、MYB类转录因子和Dof转录因子,同时受到一系列负调控因子、蛋白激酶及受体蛋白的影响。另外,气孔的发育还受CO_2浓度、光照及激素等环境因子的影响。这些因素在某种程度上相互作用,共同决定植物气孔的形成、分布、生长及发育过程。该研究综述了近年来气孔发育相关的研究进展,总结了参与气孔发育的相关因子,并且对未来研究需要解决的问题进行简要的讨论。

Stomata is a key channel for gas and water exchange between plant and environment, which acts an important role to regulate plant photosynthesis, transpiration and water utilization. Various transcription factors such as bHLH transcription factors, MYB transcription factors and Dof transcription factors regulate stomatal formation and development, while a series of negative regulators, protein kinases and receptor proteins are involved in the stomatal development. Also, several environmental such as CO2 and light and hormonal factors are known to affect stomatal development. These factors may interact on some level to collectively regulate stomatal formation, distribution, patterning and devel- opment. In this review, we do a brief overview of advances in stomatal development research, summarize the related factors, and then point out the questions which should be resolved in the future.