不同防冻剂处理对小麦生理特征和产量的影响

Effect of Different Antifreeze Treatment on the Physiological Characteristics and Yield of Wheat

[目的]探索春季冻害下防冻剂处理对小麦生理特征和产量等的影响。[方法]以‘淮麦30’和‘济麦22’为材料,分析防冻剂1号和美洲星对不同抗寒性小麦品种生理特征和产量及其构成因素的影响。[结果]春季冻害下,防冻剂1号和美洲星处理能显著提高‘淮麦30’和‘济麦22’的叶绿素和游离脯氨酸含量,增加SOD活性,降低MDA含量,提高品种的抗寒能力。处理间,防冻剂1号和美洲星无显著差异。同时,‘淮麦30’和‘济麦22’的穗粒数、千粒重和地上部分生物量均较对照显著增加,进而提高了小麦的产量和收获指数。[结论]在春季冻害下,喷施防冻剂1号和美洲星均能提高小麦抗寒性并能提高小麦产量。

[ Objeciive ] The paper was in order to explore the influence of different antifreeze treatment on the physiological characteristics and yield of wheat. [ Method] The wheat varieties ＇ Huaimai 30＇ and ＇ Jimai 22＇ were adopted to investigate the effects of different antifreeze on the changes of physiological characteristics and grain yield as well as its components in different wheat cultivars. [ Result ] The results showed that under freezing stress, the antifreeze NO. 1 and Meizhouxing could significantly raise the chlorophyll content and proline content,increase SOD activity, decrease MDA content, thereby increasing the cold resistance capability of ＇ Huaimai 30＇ and ＇ Jimai 22＇. Compare the two treatments, the anti- freeze NO. 1 and Meizhouxing had no significant difference. Meanwhile ,the grain number per spike, 1 000-grain weight and aboveground biomass of ＇ Huaimai 30＇ and ＇ Jimai 22＇ were enhanced significantly by antifreeze ,thus increasing the yield and harvest index of wheat. [ Conclusion] The antifreeze NO. 1 and Meizhouxing applied under freezing stress could enhance the cold resistance and improve the production of wheat.