4种水生植物对海河蓝藻的抑制作用研究

Studies on Inhibitory Effects of Four Aquatic Plants on Blue-green Algae from Haihe River

[目的]研究4种水生植物对海河蓝藻的抑制作用。[方法]选择了荇菜(Nymphoides peltatum)、苦草(Vallisneria natans)、黑藻(Hydrilla verticillata(L.f.)Royle)、穗状狐尾藻(Myriophyllum spicatum)4种在天津地区常见的水生植物,在富营养化水环境中构建水生植物与浮游藻类共培养系统,通过监测水体中蓝藻密度、叶绿素a、p H、溶解氧等指标的变化,研究不同水生植物对蓝藻的抑制作用及对水环境的影响。[结果]4种水生植物对富营养化水体中蓝藻均具有抑制作用,穗状狐尾藻、荇菜、黑藻、苦草对蓝藻的抑制率分别为70.09%、67.52%、59.83%、58.12%,所在水体中叶绿素a与对照组相比分别下降了78.70%、81.49%、79.32%、65.77%,其中穗状狐尾藻和荇菜具有较好的抑藻效果。水生植物对水体中的p H、溶解氧、温度的变化具有调节作用。[结论]该研究可为海河水生态修复、蓝藻水华控制提供理论依据。

[ Objective] The research aimed to study inhibitory effects of four aquatic plants on blue-green algae from Haihe River. [ Method] In this study, we selected four common aquatic plants in Tianjin rivers, Nymphoides peltatum, Vallisneria natans, Hydrilla verticillata and MyriophyUum spicatum. Four kinds of aquatic plants were cultivated respectively in a simulated eutrophic aquatic environment with the algae intro- duced from the Haihe River. Through monitoring the blue-green algae density, chlorophyll a, pH value and dissolved oxygen, the inhibitory effects of different aquatic plants on blue-green algae and the influence on water environmental factor were studied. [ Result] Inhibitory rates of four kinds of aquatic plants （M. spicatum, N. peltatum, H. verticillata and V. natans） on blue algae were 70.09%, 67.52% , 59.83% and 58.12%, and chlorophyll a in four kinds of aquatic plant systems were decreased by 78.70%, 81.49%, 79.32% and 65.77%. Among them, the M. spicatum and N. peltatum had a good inhibitory effect on blue-green algae. Four kinds of aquatic plants had regulatory effects on the changes of pH, dissolved oxygen and temperature in water. [ Conclusion] The research could provide theoretical basis for water ecological restoration and blue-green algae bloom control in Haihe River.