中草药提取物对大斑病凸脐蠕孢菌的抑菌特性

Antibacterial Activities of Chinese Medicine Extracts on Exserohilum turcicum( Pass.) Leonard et Suggs

[目的]从天然植物中寻找新型植物源农药防治玉米大斑病。[方法]通过室内抑菌试验研究核桃青皮、连翘、大黄、柴胡、黄芪和党参6种中草药水提物对大斑病凸脐蠕孢菌[Exserohilum turcicum(Pass.)Leonard et Suggs]的抑制作用。[结果]6种中草药提取物对该菌均具有明显的抑制作用,不同中药的抑菌作用存在一定差异,以核桃青皮的抑菌效果最佳,其次为连翘、大黄、柴胡、黄芪和党参,各药物抑制该菌的半数有效浓度分别为1.04、1.12、1.18、1.39、1.48和1.57 g/ml。[结论]核桃青皮、连翘和大黄水提取物对植物病原菌有良好的抑制效果,为新型天然杀菌剂的研制和开发提供了新途径。

[ Objective ] The aim was to find new botanical pesticides for prevention and treatment of corn northern leaf blight from natural plants. [ Method ] We investigated inhibitory effects of aqueous extracts from six kinds of Chinese medicine against Exserohilum turcicum （Pass.） Leonard et Suggs through indoor antibacterial test. [ Result] The aqueous extracts from six kinds of Chinese medicine had significant inhibitory effects on Exserohilum turcicum（ Pass. ）Leonard et Suggs, but there was some difference among different Chinese medicines. Among them, green husk of Juglans regia exhibited the best antimicrobial activity, followed by Fructus forsythiae, Radix et rhizoma rhei, Radix bu- pleuri, Radix astragali and Radix codonopsis pilosulae. The median effective concentrations of each medicine against this fungus were 1.04, 1.12, 1.18, 1.39, 1.48 and 1.57 g/ml in turn. [ Conclusion] These results showed that green husk ofJuglans regia, Fructusforsythiae, Radix et rhizoma rhei and their extracts have good inhibitory effects on Exserohilum turcicum （Pass.）Leonard et Suggs, which provides new approaches for research and development of new natural bactericides.