岸勤官兵心身症状及与应对方式的关系

PSYCHOSOMATIC SYMPTOMS AND ITS RELATIONSHIP OF COPING STYLES IN CHINESE NAVAL BASE STAFF

目的探讨海军岸勤官兵的心身症状特点及与应对方式的关系,为进行心理干预提供依据。方法采用症状自评量表(SCL-90)、应付方式问卷(CSQ)和一般资料问卷对整群抽样的761名岸勤官兵进行测评。对义务兵组、士官组和军官组的测评结果进行对比及相关分析。结果 (1)岸勤官兵SCL-90的10个因子得分均显著低于中国地方常模和军队常模(P<0.05)。(2)义务兵组躯体化、敌对因子得分均显著低于士官组(P<0.05);除恐怖因子得分外,其他各因子得分均显著低于军官组(P<0.05)。(3)义务兵组解决问题、求助因子得分均显著高于士官组(P<0.01),合理化因子得分显著低于军官组(P<0.01)。(4)相关分析显示,SCL-90各因子分与CSQ解决问题、求助因子得分均呈显著负相关(r=-0.116^-0.234,P<0.01),与自责、幻想、退避、合理化因子得分均呈显著正相关(r=0.376~0.585,P<0.01)。结论岸勤官兵总体心身状况较好;义务兵组心身健康水平优于士官组和军官组;成熟型应对方式是维护官兵心身健康水平的重要因素。

Objective To explore the characteristics of psychosomatic symptoms and relationship between psychosomatic symptoms and coping styles in Chinese naval base staff. Methods Symptom Check List- 90（ SCL-90）,Coping Style Questionnaire（ CSQ）,and General Information Questionnaire were used to assess 761 naval base staff which were selected by cluster sampling and divided into a compulsory servicemen group,a sergeants group and an officers group. Results The scores of all 10 factors of SCL- 90 in naval base staff were significantly lower than those in the Chinese norm and the military norm（ P〈0. 05）. The scores of somatization and hostility factor of SCL- 90 in compulsory servicemen group were significantly lower than those in the sergeants group（ P〈0. 05）,and all factor scores of SCL- 90 except the factor of phobia in compulsory servicemen group were significantly lower than in the officers group（ P〈0. 05）. In compulsory servicemen group the scores of problem- solving and help seeking factor of CSQ were significantly higher than those in the sergeants group（ P〈0. 05）,while rationalization factor score of CSQ was significantly lower than that in the officers group（ P〈0. 05）. SCL- 90 scores showed negative correlation with problem- solving factor,help seeking factor of CSQ（ r =- 0. 116 -- 0. 238,P〈0. 01）,and positive correlation with self- accusation factor,fantasy factor,avoidance factor,rationalization factor of CSQ（ r = 0. 376- 0. 585,P〈0. 01）. Conclusions Chinese naval base staff have good psychosomatic health condition; and compulsory servicemen havebetter psychosomatic health level than sergeants and officers. Servicemen with more mature coping strategies tend to have less psychosomatic symptoms.