黑龙江省不同区域耕地后备资源景观格局分析

Landscape Pattern Analysis in Farmland Reserve Resources of Different Regions in Heilongjiang Province

本文根据黑龙江省的现实情况,选择耕地后备资源中的其地、盐碱地、沙地和裸地进行景观格局分析。通过对大兴安岭、小兴安岭、松嫩平原、三江平原、张广才岭-老爷岭五个区域的景观格局指数的计算和分析,得到以下结论:1.从整体空间分布来看,全省耕地后备资源的呈分散分布,其破碎化程度较高,且容易受到人为干扰影响,应加强对耕地后备资源的保护。2.张广才岭-老爷岭的耕地后备资源破碎化程度最高,其次为松嫩平原、三江平原,大兴安岭区域的破碎化程度最低。松嫩平原的连通性最好,其次为大兴安岭、三江平原,张广才岭最低。3.大兴安岭、小兴安岭区域是国家重要生态功能区,本区域耕地后备资源的开发应严格遵循主体功能区定位;三江平原、松嫩平原是重要的我国农业区,耕地后备资源对本区域的生态、环境发挥着重要的服务功能,其开发应在综合考虑社会、生态、经济效益的前提下,科学、合理的开发利用。

Landscape pattern analysis are used to salinealkali land,sandy land, bare land and other grassland in the farmland reserve resource according to the current situation in Heilongjiang Province. After the calculation of landscape pattern index in five regions（Daxinganling, Xiaoxinganling, Songnen Plain, Sanjiang Plain, and Zhangguangcailing-Laoyeling）, we draw the conclusions that 1） from the view of the whole pattern, the farmland reserve resources in Heilongjiang province scattered in the region with high fragmentation and such landscape is so vulnerable to human activities that immediate preservation is needed; 2）Zhangguangcailing-Laoyeling is mostly fragmented, Songnen Plain and Sanjiang Plain are affected on the second level, and Daxinganling is least fragmented and the degree of connectivity of different regions from high to low are Songnen Plain, Daxinganling,Sanjiang Plain and Zhangguangcailing; 3） Daxinganling and Xiaoxinganling are important eco-functional zones of China, so the development of farmland reserve resources in these two regions should abide by the goals of main functional area strictly. Sanjiang Plain and Songnen Plain served as important agricultural areas of our country and the development of their farmland reserve resources should be scientific and rational with the comprehensive consideration of social, ecological and economicalbenefits.