山西阳泉矿区煤矸石山自然定居植物群落优势种种间关系

Interspecific association of dominant species in naturally colonized plant communities on coal gob piles of the Yangquan mining area in Shanxi, Chinammunities on coal gob piles of the Yangquan mining area in Shanxi, China

为揭示煤矸石山自然定居植物群落优势种的种间联结性,在野外样方调查的基础上,采用χ^2检验、Pearson相关检验和Spearman秩相关检验方法,研究阳泉矿区煤矸石山自然定居植物群落16个优势种的种间关系.结果表明：（i）120个种对中,χ^2检验与Pearson相关检验的正负关联比（分别为3.0和1.80）大于1,而Spearman秩相关检验的正负关联比（0.94）小于1;（ii）与χ~2检验和Pearson相关检验相比,Spearman秩相关检验的灵敏度高于Pearson相关检验,反映种间关系更准确;（iii）120个种对中呈不显著相关种对数明显大于极显著或显著相关种对,说明阳泉矿区煤矸石山自然定居植物群落的结构简单,仍处于演替初、中期阶段;（iiii）根据Spearman秩相关系数,将16个优势种分为3个生态种组,导致生态种组分化的主导因子是土壤水分条件.因此,在阳泉矿区煤矸石山植被恢复初期应以人工恢复为主,以加快其演替进程;优势种白羊草与臭椿、荆条与刺槐、杠柳与荆条或刺槐、臭椿与刺槐等5个种对间呈极显著或显著正相关,它们为耐旱、耐贫瘠、生态适应性强的先锋物种,可用于该区煤矸石山人工植被恢复的优选先锋物种进行混合种植.

bstract In order to reveal interspecific associations among the dominant plants in naturally-colonized plant communities on coal gob piles, we analyzed data of field investigation using χ^2-tests, Pearson correlation coefficients and Spearman rank correlation coefficients to study the 16 dominant species in naturally-colonized plant communities on coal gob piles in the Yangquan mining area of Shanxi, China. The results revealed that：（i） among 120 species-pairs, the ratios of positive and negative associations in χ^2-tests and Pearson correlation coefficients（3.0 and 1.80, respectively） were greater than 1, while the ratio of positive and negative associations in Spearman rank correlations（0.94） was less than 1;（ii） compared with χ62-tests and Pearson correlation coefficients, the sensitivity of the Spearman rank correlation test was higher, indicating that it could better identify the inter-specific associations among the plants;（iii） among the 120 species pairs, those pairs that displayed no significant correlation outnumbered those displaying significant correlation, indicating that the naturally-colonized plant communities on coal gob piles had simple community structures and were still in the early or middle stage of succession; and（iv） based on Spearman rank correlation coefficients, the 16 dominant species fell into 3 ecological species groups, with soil moisture being the key environmental factor responsible for the differentiation of these species groups. Therefore, planted communities, rather than naturally-colonized communities, are recommended in the initial stage of vegetation restoration on coal gob piles of the Yangquan mining area in order to speed up the progress of succession. The dominant species-pairsof Bothriochloa ischaemum and Ailanthus altissima, Vitex negundo var. heterophylla and Robinia pseudoacacia, Periploca sepium and Vitex negundo var. heterophylla or Robinia pseudoacacia, and Ailanthus altissima and Robinia pseudoacacia showed extremely significantly or significantly positive correlations. These five species pairs were the pioneer species with the strongest ecological adaptability for tolerating drought and poor soil fertility, and are thus recommended species-pairs for mixed planting revegetation of local coal gob piles.