绳网护坡的强降雨冲刷和雨水入渗试验研究

Experimental Study on Erosion and Rainwater Infiltration on the Rope Net Protection Slop Under Heavy Rainfall

基于公路边坡的水土保持及稻秸杆等废弃物的全生态循环利用目的,研发了可防雨水冲刷的全生态绳网护坡结构,设计了室内模拟边坡的强降雨冲刷和雨水入渗试验。通过测试不同绳网参数护坡的坡面冲刷水流速度、泥沙冲刷量及雨水入渗情况,研究绳网护坡的防雨水冲刷机理及雨水入渗特点,得到绳网护坡的最优设计参数。通过绳网护坡的现场试验,得到南方高温多雨地区绳网护坡的应用效果,以及草绳绳网的腐烂变化情况。与无防护裸坡相比,绳网护坡能减缓坡面水流流速20%~50%,减少强降雨引起的泥沙冲蚀量60%以上,同时绳网护坡还能明显增加雨水入渗,因此绳网护坡比其他方法更有利于水土保持。

Based on the soil and water conservation of highway slope and the entire ecosystem of rice straw and other waste recycling purpose,the full ecological rope net slope protection structure which can prevent rainfall erosion has been developed.Through erosion tests of self-developed indoor simulated side-slope erosion devices,various parameters such as velocity of water flow scouring the surface of the slope,amount of sediment and the rainfall penetration have been compared and analyzed.The mechanism of rainfall erosion for rope net protection has also been examined and the optimal parameter has been screened.Through rope net slope protection field test,the rope net application effect on slope protection and straw rope net changes of decay in high temperature and rainy southern region are obtained.Compared with the unprotected bare slope,the slope with rope net protection can slow slope flow velocity by 20% ~ 50%,reduce more than60% of sediment erosion caused by heavy rainfall.It shows that the performance of the rope revetment was better than the groundwork lattice revetment under the same circumstance,while the rope revetment could also increase the infiltration of waterfall,which would be beneficial for the conservation of water and soil.