全译方法的语义学理据

A Semantic Interpretation of the Complete Translation Methodologies

对译、增译、减译、转译、换译、分译、合译是一套完整的全译方法体系,但至今未有从语义学视角对其科学性进行理论论证。本文借助语义配价与句法题元、语里与语表的关系阐释全译方法,使全译方法体系更完善,更有利于全译方法论的建构。全译七法是针对语里、语表的不同对应关系而采用的翻译方法,"表里合一"是全译追求的终极目标。对译、增译与减译、转译与换译、分译与合译的深层语义原因在于,原文和译文中谓词的语义配价和句法题元处于对应、显隐、转变、重组关系。

A whole system of complete translation methodologies contains word-by-word translation, amplification, omission, conversion, division and combination. But no one has ever given scientific proof from the viewpoint of semantics up to now. This paper tries to interpret complete translation methodologies through the description of the relation between valence and actant, as well as connotative meaning and linguistic form. Accordingly the system of complete translation methodologies will be improved. And it will be beneficial to the construction of methodology of complete translation. In the above seven translation methods, different complete translation methods will be employed in terms of different kinds of consistency between connotative meaning and linguistic form. The consistency is the ultimate goal in complete translation. Word-by-word translation, amplification, omission, conversion, division and combination involve a root semantic cause that the source and target predicates valence involve actants in correspondence, such as the consistency, overt-covert relation, transformation and restructure.