我国外来物种入侵防治立法研究

A Legislative Research on Prevention and Control of Alien Species Invasion

开展外来物种入侵防治立法不仅有利于扭转我国外来物种入侵防治的严峻形势,而且也有利于将许多行之有效的制度和措施上升为法律规范,从而有力地促进我国外来物种入侵防治工作的依法开展和依法行政。制定外来物种入侵防治法是落实党中央、国务院有关文件要求的重要举措,是实施可持续发展战略的必然要求,是防治外来物种入侵最有效的手段之一。目前,我国对外来物种入侵防治工作高度重视,已积累了丰富的实践经验,同时又有可供参考、借鉴的国外立法经验。因此,应在充分考虑现行法律规范的基础上,尽快制定出台我国外来物种入侵防治法,该法应由总则、引入、监测、防治、监督管理、法律责任和附则等内容构成,其中,在法律责任中既要规定行政责任、刑事责任,又要规定民事责任,并且要具体明确、切实可行。

To reverse the grave situation of alien species invasion in China, we should make a legislative research on prevention and control of the invasion. It will help transform some effective rules and measures into legal norms, thus promoting the administrative work according to law in this respect. One of the most effective measures to control invasion of alien species is to formulate Law on Prevention and Control of Alien Species Invasion （hereafter referred to as the Law）. It is not only an important initiative to implement the relevant documents issued by the Party Central Committee and the State Council but also a necessary requirement of sustainable development. Chinese government is now paying high attention to the prevention and control of alien species invasion. In view of our plenty practices and other countries＇ experiences, we should as soon as possible enact the Law on the basis of the existing law and regulations. The author suggest the Law be composed of General Provisions, Foreword, Survey, Prevention ＆ Control, Supervision ＆ Administration, Legal Liabilities and Supplementary Provisions. In the Legal Liabilities not only administrative and criminal liabilities should be stipulated, feasible civil liabilities should also be clearly defined.