厚朴和凹叶厚朴种子中酚类及挥发性物质比较分析

Comparative Analysis of Phenolics and Volatiles in the Seeds of Magnolia officinalis and Magnolia officinalis var.biloba

厚朴和凹叶厚朴叶长圆状倒卵形,其差异在于厚朴叶先端则短急尖或圆钝,而凹叶厚朴叶先端则凹缺成2钝圆的浅裂片,但种子形态差异不明显。为了评价厚朴和凹叶厚朴叶形态差异是否存在其种子中酚类及挥发性物质差异,利用高效液相色谱(HPLC)和气相色谱-质谱联用仪(GC-MS),比较分析不同生长环境下厚朴和凹叶厚朴种子中酚类物质(包括绿原酸、芦丁、槲皮苷、槲皮素、金丝桃苷、厚朴酚和和厚朴酚)以及挥发性物质含量,结果显示,厚朴种子中绿原酸和和厚朴酚含量显著高于凹叶厚朴种子,厚朴酚则相反;而对挥发性物质,则是厚朴种子中α-蒎烯,莰烯,β-蒎烯,4-丙基甲苯,1-柠檬烯,芳樟醇,龙脑,松油醇,乙酸龙脑酯,2-(4-异丁基基苯基)丙醛,石竹烯氧化物含量均高于凹叶厚朴种子,相反,凹叶厚朴种子中β-石竹烯,α-石竹烯,姜黄烯,4(14),11-桉叶二烯,没药烯,香橙烯氧化物,β-桉叶醇,橙花叔醇含量高于厚朴种子。结果表明,厚朴和凹叶厚朴种子酚类及挥发性物质特征与其叶形态特征的相适应是受遗传和环境因素的调控,同时,不同生长环境显著影响厚朴和凹叶厚朴种子中酚类及挥发性物质累积。

Leaves of Magnolia officinalis and Magnolia officinalis var.biloba are oblong and obovate, but diversities of their apexes is M.officinalis that are short, acute or obtuse, however,M.officinalis var.biloba sunk and form two obtuse endlappen.Their seeds morphological diversity is uneonspicuous. To evaluate whether phenolies and volatiles in seeds of M.officinalis and M.officinalis var.biloba are different between them, phenmlics （Chlorogenic acid, rutin, quercitrin, quercetin, hyperin, magnolol and honokiol） and volatiles in seeds of M. officinalis and M. officinalis var. biloba from different growing environment were analyzed comparatively using high performance liquid chromatography （HPLC） and gas chromatography-mass spectrometry （GC-MS）.The results showed that the content of chlorogenic acid and honokiol in seeds of M. officinalis were higher than M. officinalis var. biloba, whereas the contents of magnolol in the seeds of M. officinalis vat. biloba were higher M.officinalis. For the volatiles, the contents of α-pinene, camphene, β-pinene, 4-isopropyltoluene, cinene, linalool, borneol, terpineol, bornyl acetate, 2-（4-isobutylphenyl） propionaldehyde andcaryophyllene oxide in the seeds of M.officinalis were higher than M.officinalis var.biloba , whereas the contents of β-caryophyllene, α-caryophyllene, curcumene, eudesma-4 （ 14 ）, 11-diene,β-bisabolene, aromadendrene oxide,eudesmol and nerolidol in the seeds of M. officinalis var. biloba were higher than M. officinalis. The study provides evidence that phenmlics and volatiles traits in seeds of M.officinalis and M.officinalis var.biloba ,which is in accordance with morphological properties of their leaves, controlled genetic and environmental factors, meanwhile, their accumulation is remarkably affected by different rowin~ environment.