小肠影像学检查进展

Recent Progress in Imaging Examination of Small Bowel

目前常用内镜为基础的影像学检查可直视完整的小肠,但为有创性检查方法。因此,小肠放射学影像检查仍被视为诊断小肠病变的主要影像学检查。本文主要介绍传统钡餐造影、CT及磁共振检查等重要的检查方法,包括可提供三维影像及良好对比技术的多层螺旋CT造影(MDCTE)及磁共振造影(MRE)检查,极大地提高了肠道疾病的诊断能力。本文就近年来小肠影像学检查方法的进展及今后努力的方向做一述评,以提高小肠疾病的影像诊断水平。

Recently introduced endoscopy-based imaging methods can visualize the complete small bowel. These approaches are quite invasive diagnostic methods. Therefore, radiological small bowel imaging is still considered as the primary imaging approach to diagnose pathological changes of the small bowel. In this review, the most important small bowel imaging modalities such as conventional fluoroscopy, computed tomography and magnetic resonance imaging will be discussed, as well as multidetector-row computed tomography enterography （MDCTE） and magnetic resonance enterography （MRE）, which provide three-dimensional imaging capabilities and excellent soft-tissue contrast, greatly advancing the cognition of the imaging diagnosis for the intestinal disease. We will first introduce current imaging tests that can be used for the detection and the characterization of some diseases of the mesenteric small bowel. Then, we＇ll explain the rationale for selecting one examination instead of another for a specific indication.