完善我国粮食生产补贴机制的研究

RESEARCH ON IMPROVING THE MECHANISM OF CHINA'S GRAIN PRODUCTION SUBSIDIES

回顾了我国粮食生产补贴制度的发展历程及现状,认为我国的粮食补贴政策发展经历了四个阶段。目前我国粮食补贴政策存在种粮补贴标准偏低、总量偏少、补贴支出结构不合理,粮食直补政策制定不够规范,补贴方式难以发挥应有效应,种粮补贴资金的管理体制机制不健全,所需行政成本较高等问题。分析了美国、欧盟及日本等国家粮食补贴政策经验和其对我国完善粮食补贴政策的几点启发。提出应坚持的原则、动态调整的方式、分类实施的补贴政策、补贴资金发放管理措施以及与农村金融改革有效衔接的办法等我国完善粮食补贴政策的主要思路。

This paper reviews the development and current situation of China＇s grain production subsidy system. It points out that the development of China＇s grain subsidy policy has experienced four stages. At present,there exist in China such phenomena as a rather low grain subsidy standard,less amount of subsidies,unreasonable expenditure structure. Other problems are as follows： the formulation of grain subsidy policy is not standardized and thus this way of subsidizing cannot play its due effect; the funds management system of grain subsidy is not perfect,hence the higher administrative costs. This paper analyzes the experience of food subsidies in the United States,the European Union,Japan and other countries and the inspiration of their experience to improving the food subsidy policy in China. It then puts forward the principles,the way of dynamic adjustment,classified subsidy policy and the management measures of the subsidy fund and as well as the main ideas of improving the grain subsidy policy in China,which is the effective convergence of rural financial reform.