板栗刺壳栲胶在山羊酸皮主鞣工艺中的应用研究

Applied Research of Chinese Chestnut Thorns Shell Extract in the Main Tanning Process of Pickled Goat Skin

通过提取板栗刺壳中的栲胶对山羊酸皮进行主鞣。研究栲胶用量、初始p H、结束p H、鞣制时间对植鞣后的酸皮性能的影响,采用正交实验对酸皮鞣制工艺进行优化,得到山羊酸皮用作内底革和汽车装饰用皮革的最佳工艺条件。将改性后的板栗刺壳栲胶对山羊酸皮进行鞣制,并与市场上已有的栗木栲胶、坚木栲胶鞣制的皮革进行性能比较。结果表明,山羊酸皮用作内底革时的最佳工艺条件为栲胶用量14%,初始p H 4.0,结束p H4.5,植鞣时间4 h。山羊酸皮用作汽车装饰用皮革时的最佳工艺条件为栲胶用量11%,初始p H 4.0,结束p H 4.0,植鞣时间6 h。用板栗刺壳栲胶鞣制的山羊酸皮与用坚木栲胶、栗木栲胶鞣制的山羊酸皮相比,其抗张强度、收缩温度较高,伸长率大致相同,但用板栗刺壳栲胶鞣制的山羊酸皮粒面情况和柔软度较差,故当山羊酸皮用作某种对粒面情况、柔软度要求较低的皮革时,板栗刺壳栲胶可以代替市场上已有的栲胶。

In this paper, Chinese chestnut thorns shell tannin extracts（CCTSE） were applied to the main tanning of the pickled goat skin .Orthogonal experiment was designed to optimize leather making of the pickled goat skin, such as dosage of extract, initial pH value, ended pH value, tanning time which were listed as factors. The performance of tannin extracts which had been modified using sulfitation was also compared with quebracho extract（QE）,chestnut extract（CE） which are available on the market, then the advantages and limitations were analyzed. Results showed that under the condition that the dosage of extracts 14%, the initial pH value 4.0, the ended pH value 4.5, the tanning time 4 h, the leather could be used as insole leather. While under the condition that the extracts dosage 11%, the initial pH value 4.0, the ended pH value 4.0, the tanning time 6 h, the leather could be used as automobile decorative leather. The tensile strength of the pickled goat skin tanned by CCTSE was 36.98MPa, the shrinkage temperature was 79.6~C, both indicators were higher than the goat skin tanned by QE or CE. The elongation of the pickled goat skin tanned by CCTSE was roughly the same as the goat skin tanned by QE and CE, but the goat skin tanned by CCTSE was less grain situation and softness. So when the requirements of grain situation and softness are not high, CCTSE can partly take the place of QE and CE.