陈寅恪《吾国学术之现状及清华之职责》疏证

An Annotation to Chen Yinke's “Wuguoxueshuzhixianzhuang Ji Qinghuazhizhize”

陈寅恪1931年发表的《吾国学术之现状及清华之责任》一文,尽管常被学界引用,但此文言简意赅,实值得仔细研究。其产生的历史时代背景是国民政府北伐之后将清华从一所民国初年成立的留美预备学校改制为一所国立大学,学校的制度和学科发展经历了深刻的变革。陈寅恪此文正反映了这一变革过程中对中国学术的反思和对清华发展的总结与期待。一方面,陈寅恪在到清华任教多年之后,其背负的文化民族主义思想使得他非常看重民族与学术的独立;另一方面,他又不忘以他在海外游学多年的观察来评判中国学术过去从旧学到新学的转变中所存在的得失,对中国学术的发展趋势提出了一些反思性看法。

In 1931,for celebrating the 20 thanniversary of Tsinghua,Chen Yinke published an important essay discussing the state of Chinese scholarship and the responsibility of Tsinghua.Contemporary scholars often cited it yet lacked detailed examination of its implications. This essay was published in the context in which Tsinghua experienced a profound transformation from an indemnity college for preparing students for college education in America to a national university after the Nationalist government＇s power reached Beijing. Tsinghua reformed its administration system and academic institution as well as curriculum design for creating a new image of a national university. Chen Yinke＇s essay offered a fresh reflection on his assessment of the state of Chinese scholarship and his suggestions for the responsibility of Tsinghua as a new national university. One the one hand,after having taught at Tsinghua for nearly a decade, Chen was concerned about the national independence and the independence of Chinese scholarship from his perspective of cultural nationalism. On the other hand,equipped with his overseas experience,he evaluated the gains and failures during the transformation from old scholarly tradition to new scholarly development in Chinese scholarship,and by doing so, he attempted to point out new directions for the future development of Chinese scholarship.