风险驾驶情境下驾驶行为与风险意识的关系研究

Research on the Relationship between the Driver's Risk Awareness and Driving Behavior

目的研究风险驾驶情境下驾驶人驾驶行为与风险意识之间的关系。方法采用因子分析法确定三个主要指标——风险感知,风险态度,风险容忍为风险意识及11个次要指标,编制包含风险感知、风险容忍及风险态度为子量表的驾驶人风险意识量表;随机选取236名机动车驾驶人进行问卷调查,最终获取188份有效问卷。通过回归分析法确定主要指标以及次要指标的权重,建立驾驶人风险意识主观评价模型。对被试驾驶人的风险感知、风险态度、风险容忍及驾驶行为等分别进行相关性分析。结果被试的驾驶行为与风险感知、风险态度呈正相关,与风险容忍呈负相关。结论驾驶人的风险意识与其驾驶行为有密切关系:驾驶人风险态度和风险感知的能力越好,其驾驶行为越安全,而驾驶人的风险容忍越高,对风险的忍耐程度就越高,则其驾驶行为越不安全,越容易发生交通事故。

Objective Study the relationship between the driving behavior and risk awareness of drivers in the risk driving simulative scene. Methods Determining three main indicators namely risk perception, risk attitude and risk tolerance and 11 subordinate indicators of risk awareness through the factor analysis on the basis of abroad and domestic research, then prepare the relevant questionnaire, randomly selecte 188 qualified drivers, to have question- naires, 170 valid questionnaires were screened out. Identify key indicators and subordinate indicators＇s weights through regression analysis, establish assessment model of the drivers subjective risk awareness. Evaluate the drivers ＇s driving behavior and risk perception, risk attitude, risk tolerance Get its correlation matrix to determine its relevance and then using linear regression analyzy relationship of the drivers＇s driving behavior and risk awareness. Results the driver＇s driving behavior and risk perception and risk attitudes were positively correlated negatively correlated with the risk tolerance. Conclusion The driver＇s risk awareness and driving behavior is closely related We should focus on the research of driver＇srisk awareness in the field of traffic safety focus on training to improve the driver＇s awareness of risk to reduce traffic accidents.