谈判断句的书面正式语体功能

Formal Style Function of Declarative Construction

判断句是书面正式语体的一种语法形式,具有书面语体功能的判断句包括定义句形式的"NP1是XP的NP2"和表态度观点的"是……的"两大类。定义句形式的"NP1是XP的NP2",由于XP表达的是事物性质属性,NP2表达的是全量性质的范畴义,因而该形式具有泛时空化的特征;表态度观点的"是……的"则是将一般叙述句的谓语命题化,由此去掉了具体事件性,也实现了泛时空特征。两种判断句都具有正式的语体功能。

This paper proposes that declarative construction is an formal grammar, and there two types declarative construction that have formal function, one is the definition sentence of ＂NP1 is XP NP2＂, the other is ＂shi de＂, which expresses the attitudes. Because XP expresses the nature of things, NP2 expresses the category, the definition of ＂NP1 is XP NP2＂ has the feature of weakening concrete space-time. The structure of ＂shi…de＂ removes the specific incident, and achieves the feature of weakening concrete space-time. Two kinds of declarative construction all have formal style function.