日本明治时期的母亲、家庭教育与政治

Mothers,Home Training and Politics in the Meiji Era of Japan

本文通过对日本明治时期的母亲、家庭教育与政治进行研究,分析该时期家庭教育的特点。从明治时期开始,日本政府通过国家命令的形式推行家庭教育,目的是为了实现国民素质均等化进而"富国强兵"。在家庭教育中,母亲承担着主要责任,内容以中国儒学知识为主,教导子女"忠"、"孝"以及培养孩子成为忠良的臣民。为培养女性成为"贤妻良母",具备良好的实施家庭教育的资质,国家开办了女学校。对以上内容进行研究旨在探讨日本经验对新时期中国开展家庭教育的启发。

This paper based on the study of ＂mothers, home training and politics in the Meiji era of Japan＂, analyzes how the home training is carried out in this era. Japan has begun to develop home training since the Meiji era. The government carried out the home training in the form of national orders, the purpose is to achieve the equalization of national quality even to make the country rich and strong. Japanese mothers take the main responsibility in home training. The contents of the home training were teaching children to be ＂loyalty＂ and ＂filial piety＂. In order to make women become ＂understanding wife and loving mother＂ and have the ability to teach children well at home, the state has set up female school. Through the above research to discusses the experiences of Japan in the new era in China.