集资诈骗罪犯罪构成相关问题研究

Research on the Problems Related to Constitution of Fund-raising Fraud Crime

集资诈骗罪的基础是非法吸收公众存款行为。非法吸收公众存款需要具备向多数人吸收存款,行为人的亲朋好友有可能成为犯罪对象,将亲友排除在外要有前提条件,即在未向社会公开宣传的情况下,才不构成非法吸收公众存款;如果向社会公开宣传,则即使是亲友一般也应纳入犯罪对象范畴。使用诈骗方法,是指使用虚构事实、隐瞒真相的方法,诈骗方法不明显的,不宜认定为集资诈骗。是否具有非法占有目的,应从以下三方面来考察:归还能力、经营活动、集资用途。对于高利贷者不宜认定为集资诈骗罪的被害人,其出借资金的行为应视为违反国家规定的投机行为。

The crime of fund-raising fraud is based on illegal pooling public deposits. Illegal pooling public deposits needs to absorb deposits from the majority of people and the actor＇s relatives and friends are not entirely excluded from the criminal object. The premise condition of excluding relatives is not to publicize illegal pooling deposits,which won＇t constitute illegal pooling public deposits; with publicity to the society,even the relatives and friends in general should also be incorporated into the criminal object category. Using the methods of fraud refers to using false facts to conceal the truth. If the fraud method used is not obvious,it should not be regarded as fundraising fraud.Whether the purpose is illegal possession should be determined from the following three aspects： returning ability,operating activities,and fundraising purposes. As for loan sharks,they should not be recognized as the victim of the fund-raising fraud crime,and the loan funds behavior shall be deemed to be speculation behavior in violation of national regulations.