基于事故/事件的民机人因防错设计关键因素研究

Research on key factors of human error proofing design for civil aircraft based on accidents/incidents

针对民机人因防错设计对飞行安全的影响,从世界民航安全事故/事件数据库中筛选出92起典型的人为因素事故案例,采用基元事件分析法进行深度分析,提炼出民机人因防错设计需要考虑的重要设计因素,并建立重要设计因素集。基于系统工程学的"人机环"模型,结合国内外飞机设计相关标准,建立民机人因防错设计重要因素指标体系。运用模糊层次分析法对因素指标进行权重计算,确立影响飞行安全的14项人因防错设计关键因素,并针对这些关键因素提出民机人因防错设计通用要求,以期为民机人因防错设计满足初始适航要求提供参考。

Aiming at the influence of human error proofing design for civil aircraft on flight safety,92 typical accidents cases by human factors were selected from the world civil aviation safety accidents / incidents database. The element incident analysis method was applied to conduct deep analysis,then the important design factors which need to be considered in the human error proofing design for civil aircraft was summarized,and the important design factor set was established. Based on the man- machine- environment model in systems engineering,and combined with the relevant standards for aircrafts design at home and abroad,an index system of important factors about human error proofing design for civil aircraft was built. The FAHP method was used to calculate the weight of indexes,and 14 key factors of human error proofing design that influence the flight safety were determined. Finally,the general requirements of human error proofing design for civil aircraft were proposed against the key factors. It can provide reference for the human error proofing design for civil aircraft to better meet the requirements of initial airworthiness.