流动人口往老家汇款的影响因素分析

A Study of the Effecting Mechanism of Migrant Workers' Remittance Behaviors

利用收入转移理论分析了影响广州市流动人口往老家汇款的因素。广州80%的流动人口都会向老家汇款。流动人口的汇款行为不完全是出于利他主义动机,还可能是利己、共同保险和隐性借贷等原因。上述四种理论对是否汇款的解释力分别为66.0%、18.5%、15.1%和0.5%。与老家保持联系以及收入的提高都会对汇款产生正向影响,且女性和来自贫困地区的务工者利他倾向更强。务工者向老家汇款的数额随着老家土地收入增加而增加,体现了农村家庭"以代际分工为基础的半工半耕"的结构。参与城镇职工养老保险对汇款具有挤出效应,应加快城乡居民基本养老保险制度并轨,同时积极推广居住证制度,增加务工者在就业地的医疗保障服务。

The motive of migrants＇ remittance are analyzed in the frame of income transfer theory. About 80 percent of the migrants in Guangzhou have the behavior s to send money home. It show that the motives of money remittance behavior can be altruism, egoism, co-insurance and implicit loan arrangement, which respectively explain 66%, 18.5%, 15.1% and 0.5% of the remittance decisions, The tie with hometown and family, the increase of their income call also make them to remit their earnings to family in hometown. The female and those from poor areas have more altruism motives to remit money to their family. The sum remitted by the workers whose family＇s revenue from farming increased tends to be larger reflecting the half-non-farming and half farming structure in the rural based on the intergenerational division of labor. Urban pension insurance have a crowding-out effect on remittance. The findings imply some social policy references such as the convergence of basic pension insurance system in the urban and in the rural, the implementation of the residence permit system and the coverage of the medical security of the migrant workers in the inflow city.