豆科藏药品种与标准整理

Analysis of varieties and standards of Leguminosae plants used in Tibetan medicine

通过考证藏医学文献的方法,对豆科藏药的品种、基原及标准进行整理和分析。结果表明,各文献中记载的豆科藏药共有36属142种(含变种),涉及64个药材品种,不同文献记载的各药材品种的名称、基原、药用部位、功效等存在着较大的差异;其中,约38.0%(54种)的种类为藏医学特用药用植物,约25.4%(36种)的种类作为藏药材被有关藏药标准收载,除与中药材交叉使用的9个药材品种的质量标准较为完善外,多数品种仅有性状、鉴别等项规定。藏药材品种混乱、质量标准不完善的状况在藏药材中较为普遍,已成为制约藏医药发展的突出问题,应当加强藏药的本草考证、资源与使用现状调查、资源物种的药效物质基础及生物活性比较、质量标准、医药名词术语规范等研究,以推动藏药材的品种-名称-基原等的规范和质量标准体系建立。

In this paper, the domestic varieties and quality standard of Leguminosae medicinal plants used in Tibetan medicine were analyzed. The results showed that there were 36 genera and 142 species （including varieties） , as well as 64 medicinal materials varieties of Leguminosae plants were recorded in relevant literatures. In relevant Tibetan standards and literatures, there are great dif~~r- ences in varieties, sources, used parts, and efficacy of medicinal plants. Among them, about 38.0% （including 54 species） of the endemic plants, about 25.4% （including 36 species） of the original plants have medicinal standard legal records, except 9 kinds of traditional Chinese medicine general quality standard more fairly completed, the most varieties have only description about characters, identification, etc. Therefore it is necessary to reinforce study for the herbal textual, resources and the use present situation, chemical components and biological activity, quality standard, medicinal terms specification, to promote establishment of quality standard system for variety-terminologies-sources of Tibetan medicinal plants.