论我国司法系统“去地方化”改革——以“最高院巡回法庭”与“地方新中级法院”为视角

Anti-localization Reform in China's Judicial System——From the perspective of "the Circuit Court of the Supreme Court" and "the New Intermediate Court"

设立最高院巡回法庭和地方层面的新中级法院是我国司法系统"去地方化"改革的两项最新举措。最高院巡回法庭的设立确实能够在"案件分流""便利当事人"以及"最高院本部的重新定位"等方面发挥作用,但就"去地方化"这一首要目标而言,其效果却微乎其微。对于地方层面的新中级人民法院,虽在省级框架内确实能起到去地方化的效果,但首批选择北京、上海两个直辖市作为试点并不具有示范效应。我国司法系统去地方化的关键在于省一级,因此,我国应当在地方层面推广新中级人民法院、在省级新设大区制高级人民法院、在国家级完善最高院巡回法庭等方面继续深化改革。

The establishments of Circuit Court of the Supreme Court and new Intermediate Court are two measures in the anti-localization reform in China＇s judicial system. Circuit Court can play an active role in diverting cases,facilitating the parties and the reposition of the headquarter of Supreme Court. It may not be effective,however,in terms of avoiding localization,which is the primary aim of the establishment of the Circuit Court. As for the new Intermediate Court,on the one hand,it can avoid localization in the provincial administrative division; on the other hand,as two direct-controlled municipalities,Beijing and Shanghai may not be appropriate pilot cities.Therefore,since the key issue of the anti-localization reform lies in the provincial level,China shall deepen its judicial reform in three aspects：（ 1） promoting the new Intermediate Court in the municipal level;（ 2） establishing the cross-boundary High Court in the provincial level;（ 3） improving the Circuit Court in the national level.