反思与超越:论媒介与文化研究的功能主义意识形态

Reflection and Transcendence: On the Functionlism Ideology of Media and Cultural Studies

功能主义意识形态作为功能主义研究的极端表现形式,通常与工具理性和实用主义捆绑在一起,将媒介与文化研究看作是文化系统的一部分,强调其社会维持功能,并在此过程中遮蔽与忽视了文化研究的多元性与反思性。媒介与文化研究的功能主义意识形态主要表现在受经济利益驱使、受政治权力控制与学科内部的自我规训3个层面。在思想越来越多元化的新媒体时代,媒介与文化研究要避免成为单纯的社会管制工具和经济增值途径,在研究范畴上要更广泛地干预现实,关注公共利益,拷问社会的不公和隐蔽问题,提供更为理想和公平的解决方案。而在研究路径上,则要回归文化意义建构与多元互动,并重拾其应有的反思与批判能力。

As an extreme manifestation of functionalism studies, functionalistic ideology usually bundles media and cultural studies with instrumental rationality and pragmatism, and treats media and cultural studies as a part of the cultural system, emphasizing its community-maintaining function while ignoring the diversity of cultural studies and its reflective ability. Functionalistic ideology in media and cultural studies field has been mainly driven by economic interests, political power and academic self-discipline. In the new media era, ideas have become increasingly diverse. Media and cultural studies should avoid being mere tools of social control and approaches for adding economic value, but intervene in social reality in a broader scope with public interest concerns, digging out social injustice and hidden problems and providing more desirable and fair solutions. What's more, we have to return the significance of cultural interactive construction and pluralism, and regain its proper reflection and critical abilities.