青年女子壁球运动员运动训练机能监控

The Young Woman Squash Athletes Body Function Monitoring

目的:本研究以血液、唾液指标检测为主,心理问卷为辅,在不同训练周期对青年女子壁球运动员进行运动状态的监控。方法:对上海体育学院的10名青年女子壁球运动员进行生化指标测试,测试的血液指标包括血红蛋白(RBC)、红细胞压积(Hct)、肌酸激酶(CK)、血尿素氮(BUN),测定的唾液指标包括α-淀粉酶(s AA)、唾液皮质醇(C)、唾液α-淀粉酶/皮质醇比值(AOC)。实验期间血液指标在清晨空腹、未做任何运动情况下选取,唾液指标每天取样5次,并运用心理学问卷RESTQ对运动员的应激-恢复进行调查。结果:(1)本研究发现,青年女子运动员在大量周、大强度周的血清肌酸激酶较基础周相比具有显著性(P<0.05)。运动员在大量、大强度训练期的α-淀粉酶觉醒反应和分泌量较基础训练周清晨时显著升高(p<0.01)。(2)青年女子运动员的唾液皮质醇水平在大量周、大强度周唾液皮质醇分泌量较周显著下降(p<0.01),觉醒反应变缓,AOC出现升高,且与α-淀粉酶、皮质醇、运动专项恢复分值呈负相关。结论:(1)在大量周和大强度周,监控运动员机能状态应以血清肌酸激酶、α-淀粉酶觉醒反应为主。(2)青年女子壁球运动员在训练过程中,随着训练负荷的增加,会诱导运动员两大应激系统地不对称活动,运动员的心理变化以及运动成绩下降都与此相关。CAR和AOC指标的变化更具时效性和准确性,可以通过它们来判断运动员对训练的应激和恢复情况。

Objective： to in this study, the detection of blood and saliva index mainly, supplemented by psycho- logical questionnaire, in the different period of training of young female squash player for monitoring the state of mo- tion. Methods ： in Shanghai Institute of P. E. 10 young women＇s squash player, biochemical test, the test blood in- dexes including hemoglobin （ RBC ） , hematocrit （ HCT ） , creatine kinase （ CK）, blood urea nitrogen （BUN） and de- termination of saliva index including alpha amylase （ SAA）, salivary eortisol （ c ）, salivary alpha amylase/cor- tisol ratio （AOC）. Blood indexes were selected in the ear- ly morning hours, without any exercise, and saliva was sampled 5 times per day, and the stress recovery of ath- letes was investigated by using psychological questionnaire RESTQ. Results ： （ 1 ） the level of serum creatine kinase in a large number of weeks and weeks was significant （ P 〈 0. 05 ）. In a large number of large and large intensity training, the activity of alpha amylase was significantly higher than that of the basic training（ P 〈0. 01 ）. （2）the levels of salivary cortisol were significantly decreased （P 〈0. 01 ） ,and the response rate was significantly lower than that of（ AOC 〈 ）. Conclusion： （ 1 ） In our research, we find that in a large number of weeks and weeks, the functional status of the athletes should be monitored by serum creatine kinase and - amylase. （2） young woman squash players in the training process, with increasing training load, induced asymmetric activities of two stress system of athletes, the athletes＇ psychological changes and athletic performance decline are associated with this. The changes of CAR and AOC are more timely and accurate,and can be judged by their ability to train the athletes to the stress and recovery.