大型商场类火灾高危单位消防安全评估方法及应用

On Fire Control Safety Assessment Methods and Applications to Fire High-risk Units of Shopping Malls

以商场类火灾高危单位为例,分析了商场类建筑火灾的特点及危险性,从硬件(建筑因子)、软件(消防设施因子)、商品因子、消防管理因子、外部环境因子等几方面,建立评估指标体系。在调查研究和专家论证的基础上,赋予相应的指数、风险值、权重,建立安全评估模型,准确评判评估对象的安全状况,从而研判商场火灾危险性,采取预防性措施,防止火灾事故的发生。

Taking the mall fire risk unit as an example,this paper analyzes the characteristics and the risk of a shopping building fire. An evaluation index system is established in terms of hardware（ construction factors）,software（ fire control facilities factor）,fire management factor,and the external environment factor. On the basis of a large number of investigation and expert argumentation,the paper gives the corresponding index,risk value and weight,establishing a safety assessment model to accurately judge the safety status of evaluation object,thus confirms its fire risk,and takes preventive measures to prevent fire accidents.