考虑节能的城市物流配送方案优化

Optimization of city logistics delivery plan with the objective of energy saving

针对城市物流配送环节,提出了一种能够节约车辆能耗的物流配送方案优化方法.首先,在考虑载重和车速对车辆能耗因子的影响及时间窗开启前的等待时间约束等条件的基础上,提出了以能耗最小为目标的物流配送路径选择数学模型,并采用蚁群算法求解该问题,实现物流配送方案的一次节能优化;然后,基于一次优化结果,通过调整配送车辆从配送中心及各配送点出发的时刻,实现物流配送方案的二次节能优化;最后,基于北京市道路网的仿真试验显示,相对于以最短时间为目标的优化方法,本文提出的节能优化方法可使城市物流配送过程中的能源消耗平均降低约6.68%.

To improve delivery process of city logistics,this paper proposes an optimization method to reduce the energy consumption of delivery vehicles. First,an optimization function with the waiting time constraints before the time windows opening is proposed to minimize the fuel consumption during delivery considering the effect of total vehicle weight and travel speed on energy consumption factor,and ant colony algorithm is used to solve the problem to obtain the first-step optimization result for the delivery plan.Then,based on the obtained first-step optimization result. The vehicle departure times from the distribution center and clients are adjusted to furthermore optimize the delivery plan. Finally,experiments are designed to evaluate the effectiveness of the proposed optimization method,and the results show that,compared to the traditional optimization approach with the shortest work time as the objective,the energy consumption of delivery vehicles is reduced significantly by average 6. 68% with the proposed optimization approach considering energy saving.