火车司机高血压影响因素的研究

The influencing factors of hypertension of train divers

目的了解昆明铁路局火车司机高血压的现状,分析其影响因素,为减少、控制高血压的发生提供参考。方法采用横断面研究方法,对昆明铁路局2012年在岗火车司机进行问卷调查,职业健康检查,并结合定性访谈。结果共检查1 967人,血压平均值为(123.2±15.5)/(80.5±12.3)mm Hg;检出高血压485人,检出率为24.7%;影响火车司机血压的职业因素主要为工作压力(OR=4.32)、工龄(OR=2.43)、工种(OR=1.49);其次为体质量和行为习惯如年龄(OR=2.96)、中心性肥胖(OR=4.33)、吸烟(OR=1.50)。结论火车司机职业人群血压状况不容乐观,控制职业有害因素,改变不良生活行为方式,保持健康,才能有效地降低火车司机高血压的患病风险。

Objective To understand the current status and related factors of the train drivers’ hypertension,in order to provide a scientific basis for effectively reduce and control high blood pressure.Methods A cross-sectional study,including questionnaire interview,health examination and qualitative interviews,was applied to study the train drivers in Kunming Railway in 2012.Results Totally 1976 train drivers were investigated.The mean of blood pressure was 123.24±15.49/80.47±12.30 mmHg.485cases of hypertension was detected and the hypertension detection rate was 24.66%.The main risk factors related to occupations were work stress（OR=4.32）,length of service（OR=2.43）,job（OR=1.49）.The other risk factors were age（OR =2.96）,central obesity（OR =4.33）,smooking（OR =1.50）.Conclusions There is higher detected rate of hypertention among the train drivers.More attention should be paid to controling occupational hazards,unhealthy lifestyles in order to effectively reduce the risk of cardiovascular disease among the train drivers.