跨境语言关系动力学

The Dynamics of Cross-Border Languages

文章提出跨境语言关系动力学(Dynamics)这个概念,用以研究两个或多个国别语言秩序及其语言意识形态对跨境语言产生的影响力。每个国别语言秩序,以及支撑这个秩序的语言意识形态,都有两个基本动力,一是向心力,二是扩张力。向心力通过多种渠道,把一个国别语言秩序内的非主流语言的本体和使用者都拉向这个秩序内的主流语言。扩张力主要通过商贸和(官方)文化交流两个渠道,让一个国别语言秩序内的主流语言向该秩序以外传播。在两个语言秩序的向心力和扩张力交织处存在着一个"真空"区。跨境语言一般都生存于这个"真空"区。跨境语言关系动力学可以研究两个不同国别的语言秩序的向心力和扩张力的关系,对"真空"区内的跨境语言的生态环境做深度的和动态的分析,为国家制定适当的跨境语言政策和保护跨境语言的生态环境提供理论基础。

This paper proposes the notion of the dynamics of cross-border languages and studies how cross-border languages are affected by two or more competing language orders across the border.The language order of each state and its supporting language ideology possess two forces,a centripetal force and a centrifugal force.The centripetal force pulls,via many channels,other languages and their speakers toward the mainstream language within the same language order.The centrifugal force spreads,via commerce and official cultural exchange,the mainstream language beyond a state's language order. There is a vacuum between the rivalry language orders where cross-border languages are spoken in a delicate ecological invironment.To study how the centripetal and centrifugal forces work within a language order and across language orders help us to better understand this ecological environment for cross-border languages and provides a theoretic basis for the government to make appropriate policies to protect cross-border languages.