双语学习的有效途径——第二语言习得理论的启示

Effective Ways for Learners to Become Bilingual: Inspirations from Second Language Acquisition Theories

第二语言习得理论的发展大概形成于20世纪60年代末70年代初。其理论基于第一语言习得的研究成果,并受到行为心理学、普遍语法理论、系统功能语言学、社会语言学等方面的影响。文章回顾了第二语言习得理论的发展与演变,重点介绍了Krashen的第二语言习得理论、协作式学习、任务型学习法。在理论探讨中文章力求寻找双语学习的有效途径,提示教师应深知各种教学理论的优势与缺陷,灵活运用于日常教学,以便有效提升学习者的第二语言能力。

The theory of second language acquisition(SLA)has been developing since 1960s and '70s. The theory has been developed from research outcomes of first language acquisition and has also been influenced by theories of behavioral psychology, universal grammar, systemic functionalist and social cultural learning. This paper reviews the development and evolution of SLA,Focusing on Krashen's SLA theory,cooperative learning,task based learning. The paper explores effective ways for learners to become bilingual using inspiration from SLA theories. It argues that second language teachers need to be aware of both these strengths and weakness of different pedagogies in their daily teaching practices,in order to provide effective learning pathways for their learners to become bilingual.