现代哈萨克语命令语气的句调实验研究

An Experimental Research of The Intonations of Command Tones in Contemporary Kazakh Language

文章采用实验方法测定、归纳了愤怒式命令语气与既定式命令语气的句调、时长和强度,初步找到了这两种命令语气与句调的对应规律:愤怒式命令语气与既定式命令语气全句音高曲线差别不大,愤怒式命令语气比既定式命令语气调域略宽,句末音高下降略急促;愤怒式命令句各音步及全句时长多短于一般陈述语气;各音节强度均大于一般陈述语气,尤其是末音节强度。既定式命令语气各音步及全句时长稍长于一般陈述语气;各音节强度均大于一般陈述语气。

Using experimental research, this study measured and summarized the intonation, duration and intensity of anger-command tone and established-command tone sentences. The paper initially found the corresponding patterns of the two styles of tones and intonations. The pitch curve of an anger-command tone sentence and an established-command tone sentence is not very different. The field intonation of a sentence of an anger-command tone is slightly wider than that of an established-command tone; and the pitch of the last syllable in a sentence of an anger-command tone falls slightly faster. All the sounds of the syllables and the span of an anger-command tone are shorter than those of a general statement tone; and the intensity of all the syllables of an anger-command tone is greater than that of a general statement tone, particularly of the last syllable in a sentence. All the sounds of the syllables and the span of an established-command tone are slightly longer than those of a general statement tone; and the intensity of all syllables of an established-command tone is greater than a general statement tone. It is useful to learn the intonations of the two styles of command tones for appropriate expression in Kazakh language.