污染胁迫下的蚯蚓蛋白质组学研究进展

Advances in proteomic studies on earthworms subjected to pollution stress

随着蛋白质组学的发展和每年有大量环境污染物进入土壤环境中,污染胁迫模式动物的相关生物标志物受到日益关注。蚯蚓,作为土壤中最大的无脊椎动物,是研究和评价土壤生态污染良好的模式动物。研究蚯蚓的蛋白质组学,对于寻找环境生态污染相关生物标志物和阐明生态毒理学机制有着十分重要的现实意义。目前已知的污染胁迫下蚯蚓蛋白质组学研究,提供了几个特定污染物胁迫蚯蚓的蛋白表达谱。这些蛋白涉及许多生物学过程,例如信号传导、糖酵解、能量代谢、分子伴侣和转录调节,提示了相关污染物可能的生态毒理学机制,有望成为潜在的生物标志物,用于有毒污染物的监测,但其特异性需要进一步试验的验证。对蚯蚓受污染胁迫的蛋白质组表达谱及潜在生物标志物进行简要综述。

With the advancement in proteomics research and yearly introduction of numerous environmental contaminants into the soil, development of biomarkers to detect contaminant-responsive proteins in model organisms is receiving increasing attention. Earthworms are the largest group of invertebrates in soil; they are a good model system for evaluating ecological soil pollution. Therefore, detecting contaminant-responsive biomarkers and elucidating the ecotoxicological mechanism in earthworms by using proteomics is of important practical significance. The protein expression profiles of earthworms subjected to several specific pollutants have been investigated. These proteins are associated with many biological processes such as signal transduction, glycolysis, energy metabolism, and chaperone and transcriptional regulation and can be used to determine the possible ecotoxicological mechanisms of relevant contaminants and as potential biomarkers for monitoring toxic contaminants. However, their specificity needs to be determined. In this study, we provided a brief overview of the protein expression profiles and identified potential biomarkers in earthworms subjected to pollution stress.