采用微波消解-ICP-AES法分析不同产地大枣中无机元素的组成及其含量

Determination of the inorganic elements in jujube fruits cultivated in different regions by microwave digestion and ICP- AES method

采用微波消解-ICP-AES法探索不同产地、不同栽培品种大枣中无机元素的组成及含量,结果表明在所测定的19种无机元素中,不同产地、不同栽培品种大枣中普遍含有元素K、Ca、Mg、Na、Fe、B、Sr、Al、Zn、Mn、Mo、Cu;在所检测的37批样品中,有36批样品中检出有害重金属元素Pb,其平均含量可达2.62μg/g;所有样品均未检出有害元素As、Cd、Cr、Hg。依据各样品中测定元素的含量,采用主成分分析法,选择前4个因子（F1~F4）对大枣营养保健价值进行了综合评价,其综合评价函数为F=0.19936F1＋0.18240F2＋0.17396F3＋0.10946F4。结果显示,产自陕西彬县的晋枣品种、河南内黄的扁核酸枣品种以及山东荷泽的核桃纹品种综合排序分列1、2和3位,表明从无机元素角度考虑以上三个产地所产大枣品质较好。本研究为药食两用大枣资源营养及保健价值的进一步发现及安全性评价提供了一定的数据支撑,为大枣适宜栽培区域、栽培品种的选择提供了借鉴。

Inorganic elements in jujube fruits collected from different regions were determined by microwave digestion coupled with ICP- AES method.The results showed that in the 19 kinds of inorganic elements determined in the assay,almost all of the samples contained the elements of K,Ca,Mg,Na,Fe,B,Sr,Al,Zn,Mn,Mo and Cu.The harmful heavy metal element of Pb was detected in most of samples,and its average content was 2.62 μg / g.The harmful elements of As,Cd,Cr and Hg were not detected in all the samples.Based on the contents of elements in different samples,principal component analysis method was performed and 4 factors（ F1~ F4） were selected to evaluate the jujube nutrition and health value. The evaluation function was F = 0.19936F1＋ 0.18240F2＋ 0.17396F3＋0.10946F4. The results showed that the cultivars from Shaanxi Binxian,Henan Neihuang and Shandong Heze ranked in the top three in the terms of inorganic elements,which indicated that the qualities of above samples were better than those of other samples. This study provided the data of nutritional value and safety for the jujube resources,and also provided the reference for selecting the cultivation regions and cultivars of jujube.