三种体色野生黄鳝肌肉营养成分的分析

Analysis of nutritive composition in muscle of wild Monopterus Albus with three kinds of colors

分析测定3个野生黄鳝（Monopterus albus）群体（深黄大斑鳝（A）、浅黄细斑鳝（B）、青灰鳝（C））肌肉中主要营养成分,对其营养价值进行综合评价。采用常规方法测定一般营养成分、氨基酸、脂肪酸、矿物质元素。结果显示,3种体色野生黄鳝水分含量74.77%~77.20%,粗蛋白含量17.84%~18.52%,粗脂肪含量2.51%~4.32%,灰分含量0.96%~1.01%。其中水分、粗蛋白和粗脂肪含量C与A、B差异显著（p〈0.05）,灰分含量C显著高于A（p〈0.05）而与B差异不显著（p〉0.05）;A与B群体仅粗蛋白含量差异显著（p〈0.05）。氨基酸总量16.68~17.99 g/100 g,且C与A、B差异显著（p〈0.05）而A与B差异不显著（p〉0.05）;必需氨基酸含量7.16~7.25 g/100 g,3个群体间差异不显著（p〉0.05）,但含量A〉B〉C。21种脂肪酸中二十碳五烯酸与二十二碳六烯酸含量均较高,两者之和的含量为9.47%~9.99%,且A〉B〉C。矿物质元素含量丰富,其中K、Na、Mg、Ca、Zn、Fe、Cu、Mn、Cd、As的含量C与A、B差异显著（p〈0.05）,而A与B间仅K、Mg含量差异显著（p〈0.05）。综合比较：两黄色群体（A、B）间肌肉营养成分含量差异较小,而两黄色群体（A、B）与灰色群体（C）间差异较大。

To analyze the nutritive composition in the muscle of three populations of Monopterus albus（ population A means deep yellow and big spots, population B means pale yellow and thin spots and C means steel grey）. Moisture,crude protein, fat, ash, amino acids, fatty acids and mineral elements were investigated by national standard method.The moisture,crude protein,fat and ash consisted of 74.77%~77.20% ,17.84%~18.52% ,2.51%~ 4.32% ,0.96% -1.01 %, respectively.There was significant difference of moisture and crude protein and crude fat in C compared with those in other two populations （ p 〈 0.05） .Ash in muscle of C was significantly higher than A （ p 〈 0.05）, but for C and B, it had no significantly difference （ p 〉 0.05）.There was significant difference of crude protein in A and B（ p 〈 0.05）.The total content of amino acids was 16.68~ 17.99 g/100 g, it had significant difference in C compared with that in other two populations （p 〈 0.05）, but it had no significant difference in A and B （p 〉 0.05）.The content of essential amino which was 7.16~7.2.5 g/100 g from three populations had no significant difference（p 〉0.05）,the content of essential amino acids in A and B were higher than that in C.21 kinds of fatty acids were determinated,the total content of eicosapntemacnioc acid and docosahexaenoic acid which in A and B were higher than those in C were high, about 9.4＂/%-9.99%.The content of mineral elements in muscle was abundant,there were significant difference of 10 kinds of elements in C compared with those in other two populations （ p 〈 0.05）, only 2 kinds of elements had significant difference in A compared with those in B （ p 〈 0.05）. It can be concluded that the nutritive composition in muscle of the two populations with yellow skin had no obviously difference,however,they had significantly difference with C population.