造纸白泥添加量对竹质纤维/高密度聚乙烯复合材料力学性能的影响

Influences of White Mud Content on the Mechanical Properties of Bamboo Filler/High Density Polyethylene Composites

以造纸剩余物白泥为填料,马来酸酐接枝聚乙烯(MAPE)为相容剂,采用挤出成型工艺将竹质纤维和高密度聚乙烯(HDPE)进行熔融复合制备竹质纤维/HDPE复合材料。利用万能力学试验机、冲击试验机、扫描电镜及动态力学分析仪,研究了白泥质量分数对复合材料力学性能的影响,并应用分形理论对拉伸强度与断口分形维数之间的关系进行了研究。结果表明,复合材料的冲击强度随着白泥的质量分数增加明显降低,当白泥质量分数为18%时,其弯曲和拉伸性能较好,复合材料拉伸强度与分形维数呈近似指数函数关系;白泥质量分数对复合材料的损耗因子无明显影响,玻璃化转变温度以前,白泥质量分数对复合材料储存模量、损耗模量影响显著,玻璃化转变温度之后对复合材料无明显影响。

White mud was used as filler and methyl acrylate polyethylene（ MAPE） as compatilizer in composites,and bamboo filler / high density polyethylene composites were manufactured by extrusion technology of bamboo residue and high density polyethylene（ HDPE）. Mechanical properties of composites with different white mud content were investigated through the Instron universal testing machine,impact testing machine,SEM and dynamic thermal mechanical analyzer. The relation between fracture fractal dimension and tensile strength was studied through fractal theory. The results indicate that the impact strength of composites obviously decreases with the increase of white mud content; when the white mud content is 18%,the tensile and flexural performances are better; the tensile strength and fracture surface fractal dimension of composites obey roughly exponential function; loss tangent factors change slightly with the change of white mud content; the storage modulus and loss modulus are significantly influenced by the white mud content below glass-transition temperature,and the white mud content has no significant effect on composites above glass-transition temperature.