克雷伯菌感染及其诊治的研究近况

Updates of Klebsiella infection and its diagnosis and treatment

克雷伯菌是一类有荚膜的革兰阴性肠杆菌,其感染主要引起克雷伯菌肺炎,后者常急性起病,表现为寒战、高热、咳嗽、咳痰、胸痛和呼吸困难等,多见于老年以及营养不良、慢性酒精中毒、慢性支气管-肺疾病和全身器官衰竭的患者。克雷伯菌感染的诊断有赖于对患者的临床表现以及实验室和影像学检查结果的综合分析,其中细菌培养出克雷伯菌是诊断的金标准。碳青霉烯类抗生素是克雷伯菌感染的主要治疗药物。本文就克雷伯菌感染及其诊治的研究近况作一概要介绍。

Klebsiella is a kind of Gram-negative bacterium with a capsule.Its infection always causes pneumonia in the people with old age,malnutrition and chronic alcoholism and the patients with chronic bronchial lung disease and systemic failure.The clinical features of the Klebsiella pneumonia are acute onset,chills,fever,cough,sputum,chest pain and breathing difficulty.Diagnosis depends on comprehensive analysis of clinical manifestation,laboratory and imaging examination.Bacterial culture is a gold standard for the diagnosis of Klebsiella infection.Carbapenems are the main antibacterials for the treatment of Klebsiella infection.The current advances in Klebsiella infection and its diagnosis are briefly introduced.