长期大量施肥对保护地土壤质量的影响及防治对策

Influence of a Large Number of Fertilization for Long Time on Soil Quality and Its Countermeasures

我国集约化种植条件下,广大菜农为追求生产效益长期大量施用高氮磷含量的化肥和有机肥,造成肥料利用率降低、土壤养分失衡、盐分累积、生态环境恶化等问题。现针对保护地施肥现状及氮肥对其土壤质量的影响进行了简要分析,并提出减量施肥是基本防治对策,以期为指导农业生产、发展可持续农业提供理论依据。

On our intensive farming conditions,farmers applied high content of nitrogen and phosphorus fertilizer and organic fertilizer,which caused many problems such as lower utilization of fertilizer,soil nutrient imbalance,salt accumulation,and the deterioration of ecological environment.This paper gave a brief analysis on the fertilization status quo in greenhouse and the influence of nitrogen fertilization on the soil quality,and put forward that reducing fertilizer was the basic countermeasure,in order to provide theoretical basis for the agricultural production and the development of sustainable agriculture.