制度·地缘·商业:民国时期苏州律师业的群聚与扩散

Political System, Geography, and Commerce: Cluster and Diffusion of Lawyers System in Suzhou during the Republic of China

民国初期,苏州律师业主要分布在高等审判厅、检察所和律师公会附近。二十世纪二三十年代,随着观前街区商业的繁盛,律师业出现明显的转移趋势,并形成了以审判厅、律师公会和观前街为中心的群聚分布特征。同时,随着律师从业人数的增加,苏州律师业也不断向阊门外的下塘街、城北的天后宫大街以及城南的吴县公安局等处扩散。在选择事务所地址的过程中,律师往往受到制度和商业因素的影响,审判厅、公安局和观前街一带往往是首先之地。另外,受地缘因素的影响,苏州律师业还呈现同乡群聚的空间分布。

At tile beginning of the Repubiic of China, lawyers in Suzhou were distributed over Court of Assizes, Procuratorate and Bar Association. 1920s-1930s, with the prosperity of Guanqian Street, the aggregation of lawyers moved obviously, the new centers were Court, Bar Association and Guanqian Street. At the same time, as the number of lawyer is increasing, the gather place was diffused to Xiatang Street, Tianhougong Street, Wuxian Public Security Bureau and so on. Political and commercial factors were the most important reason why lawyers choose the location as a law firm. Therefore, areas near court, public security bureau and commercial street were preferred. Furthermore, there was a kind of gather by district and clan on space distribution of Suzhou lawyers System under the influence of geographical relationship.