我国乏燃料运输现状探讨

Discussion on the present situation of spent fuel transportation in China

随着我国经济的持续发展,核能作为安全、清洁能源在我国能源战略中地位日益突出。在保证安全的前提下,我国核电机组按照国家规划合理增加,乏燃料的产量也将逐步增加。根据我国核电站乏燃料贮存及外运规则,以及我国核电站主要位于东部沿海,而乏燃料后处理厂处在西北腹地这一国情,必将面临乏燃料的大量、长距离及安全运输的问题。乏燃料运输作为联接核电站与后处理厂或最终处置场的纽带,在维持核燃料循环体系的正常运行上发挥至关重要的作用。对国内外乏燃料运输涉及的运输方式、运输容器、运输安全监管及事故应急体系等问题进行了分析和讨论,对我国乏燃料运输中存在问题的解决提出了建议。

With the sustainable development of the Chinese economy,as a safe and clean energy,nuclear power is of more and more importance in the Chinese energy strategy. With the safe and reasonable increase of the nuclear power units,the output of spent fuel would thusly increase at accordingly.According to the rule of storage and transportation for spent fuel and China＇s actual condition that the nuclear power plant mainly locate in eastern coastal,but spent fuel reprocessing field is located in the hinterland of northwest,problems of the huge amount,poor proximity,safe transportation of the spent fuel are all inevitable. As the link between Nuclear power plant and reprocessing plant or Final disposal site,spent fuel transportation plays an important role in the sustainable operation of nuclear fuel cycle system. With the analysis of transportation modes,transportation container,transportation regulatory and accident emergency system of spent fuel in foreign countries,the article provide some suggestions for the construction and perfection of the spent fuel transportation system in China.