近代河南蝗灾及其影响述略

Review about Locust Plague and Its Impact in Modern Henan

近代河南蝗灾频仍,是当时河南三大自然灾害之一。蝗灾在晚清时期主要集中在1855-1857年,民国时期则以20世纪40年代初期豫东一带的蝗患最为严重。蝗灾给河南社会带来较为恶劣的影响,主要表现在三个方面:一是蝗灾造成农业减产,历次蝗灾发生之后,农作物被蝗虫啃噬净尽,对农业生产带来无可挽回的损失,进而引发饥荒;二是蝗灾导致民众生活环境的恶化,滋生了大量灾民;三是蝗灾还激起迷信活动的泛滥,而迷信活动往往使灾情更加恶化。

In modern times,locust plague frequently happened in Henan,which was one of the three natural disasters at the time.The plague of locusts in late Qing Dynasty mainly concentrated in 1855to1857,during the period of the Republic of China it mainly concentrated in early 1940 s.The plague brought more serious social impact in Henan,mainly in three aspects：First,the plague caused the drop of agricultural output.After each plague the crop had been gnawed completely,which brought irreparable damage on agricultural production and triggered famine.The second is the plague lead to the deterioration of living conditions of people,breeding a large number of victims.The third is the plague aroused proliferation of superstitious activities,and superstitious activities made the disaster worse.