基于文化和动态视角的景观风貌规划方法——以漳州市城市景观四线规划研究为例

LANDSCAPE PLANNING METHOD BASED ON CULTURAL AND DYNAMIC PERSPECTIVE:TAKING "ZHANGZHOU FOUR-LINE CITY LANDSCAPE PLANNING RESEARCH" AS AN EXAMPLE

面对当前"千城一面"、景观趋同的城市特色迷失问题,规划始终缺少有效解决的途径。原因之一在于缺少基于文化认同的景观审美标准和面对经济利益与特色保护矛盾时的文化自信心。本文以漳州市城市景观四线规划研究为例,探索从问题的成因中寻找景观规划编制路径的方法:以文化对城市空间影响的根植性、演进性和延续性为研究脉络,建立景观规划的历史观、整体观和系统观;在对城市景观价值、空间意象和审美价值研究的基础上总结城市景观特色定位,由此建立具有广泛认同度的景观评判标准;以动态发展理念提出对城市总体风貌、街巷水网、重要区域和建筑风貌的景观引导策略,并将其转化为与规划管理相对接、定性与定位相结合、可量化的景观控制要求,强化景观风貌类规划的有效性和可执行力。

Planning has failed to provide an effective solution for the problems of ＂one face for thousand cities＂ and the loss of distinctive city characteristics with similar landscapes. One reason is the lack of the landscape aesthetic standards based on cultural identification and the cultural confidence when facing contradiction between economic interests and protection of features. Taking the four- line planning of urban landscape in Zhangzhou as an example, this paper tries to seek for the method for landscape planning by exploring the causes of the problem： using the rooted, evolutionary, and continuous impact of culture over urban space as the research context to set up the historic, overall, and systematic viewpoints; summarizing the distinctive positioning of urban landscape on the basis of the research on the value of urban landscape, spatial image, and aesthetic value so as to establish the landscape evaluation criteria with high recognition degree; putting forward landscape guidance strategies on the overall city image, the network of streets and water, the image of key areas and constructions before transforming them into measurable landscape control requirements that are connected to planning management and combining qualitative setting with positioning in order to strengthen the validity and enforceability of landscape planning.