天津典型河湖水体及其沉积物中氮污染检测与分析

Analyses of Nitrogen Contamination in Aqueous and Sediment Phases with the Typical Rivers/lakes in Tianjin City

在水华爆发期,笔者对天津五个典型河湖水体及其沉积物中氮污染情况进行了采样研究,对比分析了总氮(TN)、氨氮(NH_4^+–N)和硝态氮(NO_3–N)等参数.结果表明,目标河湖水体中TN含量均超过地表水(湖、库)V类标准值.表层沉积物中绝大多数TN以有机氮(ON)形式存在(NH_4^+–N和NO_3^-–N含量均小于4%).对水体和沉积物的氮形态的相关性分析表明,目标河湖TN和NH4+–N显著相关,反映了氮污染环境中水体和底泥间的稳态氮物质迁移与转换的规律.

Our study has investigated nitrogen pollution of aqueous and sediment phases from five typical rivers/lakes in Tianjin city from which the samples were withdrawn during algae-blooming period. The relevant parameters were comparatively analyzed,mainly including the total nitrogen（TN）,ammonia nitrogen（NH4^＋–N）and nitrate nitrogen（NO3^-–N）.The results demonstrate that TN of target rivers/lakes exceed the V-class environment quality standard of surface waters and the organic nitrogen（ON）prevailed in surface layer of sediments accounting largely for TN（the proportional amounts of NH4^＋–N and NO3^-–N are all less than 4%）. The significant relevancy of TN and NH4^＋–N is determined as an outcome of correlative analysis on nitrogen species in aqueous and sediment phases,which might have reflected a steady-state transfer/ transformation of nitrogen-containing substances between the liquid-sediment phases.