中国重要玉米自交系种质资源子粒性状特征分析

Characteristic Analysis of Kernel Related Traits in Important Maize Inbred Lines of China

玉米子粒性状是决定玉米产量的重要因素。为了解析中国重要玉米种质资源子粒性状的遗传变异基础,本研究以具有广泛遗传多样性的627份重要玉米自交系为材料,运用相关分析与逐步回归的方法,探讨了我国玉米自交系种质资源的子粒性状特征。结果表明,百粒体积与百粒重存在极显著正相关。逐步回归分析表明,百粒体积对百粒重表型变异的贡献高达78%。针对不同杂种优势群的子粒性状特征分析表明,粒宽对百粒体积的贡献率在瑞德、旅大红骨、兰卡斯特和P群中均为最大,贡献率在54%-71%之间。而在塘四平头类群中,粒厚和粒长的贡献率分别为45%和22%。该研究旨在为利用不同类型种质资源开展子粒性状遗传解析提供参考和依据。

Kernel related traits are important determinant factors for maize yield. In order to explore the genetic basis of kernel variation about important Chinese maize germplasm,kernel related traits were investigated in a panel of 627 diverse important maize inbred lines by means of correlation analysis and regression analysis. It was indicated that 100-kernel volume and 100-kernel weight were significantly correlated and 100-kernel volume could explain78% phenotypic variation explained（ PVE） of 100-kernel weight. Regression analysis among different heterotic groups indicated that kernel width contributed the most to 100-kernel volume in the heterotic groups of Reid,LRC,Lancaster and P with the PVE varied from 54% to 71%. While in TSPT,kernel thickness and kernel length made great contribution to 100-kernel volume with the PVE of 45% and 22%,respectively. This result would provide positive information for kernel trait improvement in maize breeding.