豇豆属近缘野生种Vigna minima资源收集与表型性状初步研究

Collection and Phenotypic Traits Analysis of Vigna minima

Vigna minima是豇豆属中的野生种,国内研究报道较少。本研究对搜集到的V.minima野生资源的地理分布、原生境主要性状、遗传多样性及其与野生小豆、栽培小豆性状间的差异进行了分析。结果表明:(1)搜集到的45份V.minima野生资源来源于辽宁、天津、河北、山东和北京等省、直辖市,资源在粒色、子粒大小、植株形态等方面变异丰富。(2)与栽培小豆相比,V.minima株型大,上胚轴短,叶片小,荚果细短,炸荚性强,荚色深,子粒小,粒色多样。植株和子粒性状与野生小豆相近,但种脐突出明显,且种脐长。(3)V.minima与栽培小豆间亲缘关系较远,而与野生小豆间亲缘关系较近。(4)不同地域间V.minima遗传多样性丰富,同一地域内不同材料间也存在遗传差异。

Vigna minima is one of the important Vigna species in legumes. However,there was little research report about it. In this paper,the geographic distribution and characteristics about V. minima were elucidated and the differences among V. minima with V. angularis and V. angularis var. nipponensis were analysed. The results showed that（ 1） Forty-five V. minima resources were collected from Liaoning,Tianjin,Hebei,Shandong and Beijing.Germplasm collected indicated rich variation in seed color,seed size and plant type,etc.（ 2） Compared with V. angularis,V. minima showed such characters as big plant,short epicotyls,small leaves,slim and short pod,strong shattering of pod,blackish brown pod,small seed and colorful seed coat. Compared with V. angularis var. nipponensis,the traits of plant and seed were similar,but its hilum was prominently protruding and longer.（ 3） By cluster analysis,V. minima was geneticly closer to V. angularis var. nipponensis.（ 4） The genetic diversity of V. minima were rich both between different origins and within the same region.