四川秋季发生的两种羊肚菌生境调查与鉴定

Habitat investigation and identification of two kinds of autumn-occurred morels in Sichuan, China

为了寻找四川秋季发生的羊肚菌资源,了解其产地环境及种属关系,探寻羊肚菌在秋季发生的适生条件,对四川省凉山州盐源县、会东县和冕宁县的羊肚菌发生地开展了生境调查,共采集到11份羊肚菌标本。采用形态学和分子鉴定相结合的方法,对标本进行鉴定,结果表明所采集的标本被鉴定为2种羊肚菌,即七妹羊肚菌Morchella septimelata(Mel-7)和Morchella sp.(Mes-16),其中,七妹羊肚菌为四川新记录种。通过生境调查发现,秋季发生的羊肚菌适生环境为山地林下陡坡,可见,四川秋季发生的羊肚菌有一定的特殊性。

A habitat survey of autumn-occurred morels was conducted in Yanyuan, Huidong and Mianning counties in Liangshan Yi Autonomous Prefecture, Sichuan, China and 11 specimens were collected. By morphological characteristics and DNA sequences of ITS, LSU, ef1-α, rpb1 and rpb2, the samples were identified as Morchella septimelata（Mel-7） and Morchella sp.（Mes-16）. Morchella septimelata was first reported in Sichuan Province. The suitable environment for autumn-occurred morels is forest soils on steep slopes in mountainous region.