2006～2014年五峰县宫颈癌筛查结果分析

Analysis of cervical cancer screening in Wufeng County from 2006 to 2014

目的了解五峰县已婚妇女宫颈癌及癌前病变的发病情况及分布特点,为宫颈癌的筛查和防治工作提供依据。方法 2006~2014年五峰县自愿接受宫颈癌筛查的妇女共75 274人（121 835例次）,采用阴道镜检查、巴氏涂片、组织病理学检查等方法进行筛查,计算该地区癌前病变[包括轻、中、重度宫颈上皮内瘤样病变（CINⅠ、CINⅡ、CINⅢ）]及宫颈癌的检出率,分析不同年份、各年龄段及不同乡镇地区的发病情况。结果 CINⅠ、CINⅡ、CINⅢ、宫颈癌的检出率分别为6.71‰（818/121 835）、4.00‰（487/121 835）、3.57‰（435/121 835）、1.10‰（134/121 835）。2008年的宫颈癌及癌前病变检出率最高（36.90‰）,其次为2007年（25.82‰）及2013年（25.35‰）。该地区宫颈癌前病变的高发年龄是35~54岁,占71.7%,宫颈癌以45岁以上常见,45~〈50岁高发,占22.86%。长乐坪镇癌前病变发病率（24.91‰）和宫颈癌发病率（2.67‰）均最高。结论五峰县属宫颈癌高发区,其中长乐坪镇发病率最高,应重点落实该地区的筛查工作,减轻宫颈病变对妇女的危害。

Objective To investigate the incidence and distribution characteristics of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions in married women from Wufeng County in order to provide a basis for screening,prevention and treatment of cervical cancer. Methods A total of 75 274 women（ 121 835 cases） from Wufeng County were voluntary to accept the cervical cancer screening from 2006 to 2014. The colposcopy,Papanicolaou smear and histopathologic examination were applied to the screening. The detective rates of precancerous lesions（ cervical intraepithelial neoplasia[CIN]Ⅰ,CIN Ⅱ and CIN Ⅲ） and cervical cancer were calculated,and the incidences were analyzed among different years,age groups and areas. Results The detective rates of CIN Ⅰ,CIN Ⅱ,CIN Ⅲ and cervical cancer were 6. 71‰（ 818 /121 835）,4. 00‰（ 487 /121 835）,3. 57‰（ 435 /121 835） and 1. 10‰（ 134 /121 835）,respectively. The highest detective rate of cervical cancer and precancerous lesions was found in 2008（ 36. 90‰）,and the second highest rates were found in 2007（ 25. 82‰） and2013（ 25. 35‰）. The highest incidence of precancerous lesions in this area appeared at the age of 35 to 54（ 71. 7%）. Cervical cancer was common in the women aged older than 45 years,and the highest incidence appeared at the age of 45 to 〈 50（ 22. 86%）. The incidences of precancerous lesions and cervical cancer in Changleping Town were the highest（ 24. 91‰ and 2. 67‰,respectively）. Conclusion Wufeng County is an area with high incidence of cervical cancer,and the incidence in Changleping Town is the highest. So the screening should be focused on this area to reduce the damage of cervical lesions to women.